くれる、あげる、さしあげる、やる、くださる、もらう、いただく…

Question:

Can somebody please use each of these words in a simple sentence, or explain to me what the differences are? It's really confusing for an English speaker...

Answer:

父が本をくれる Dad gives me abook. (neutral)
友達に本をあげる I give a book to my friend. (neutral)
お世話になった方へ本をさしあげる I give a book to people that really helped me. (to superior)
犬にえさをやる I give some food to a dog.(to animals/inferior = insulting)
先生が本をくださる The teacher gives me a book. (superior as the subject)
兄から本をもうらう I get books from my brother. (neutral)
先生から本をいただく I receive a book from my teacher. (from superior)

Don't worry. It IS confusing for Japanese kids, too.
Keep it up!